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        Preparation of stool for microscopic examination. Draw a labeled diagram of round warm and hook worm. The method for the preparation of stool for microscopy include:- (a). saline preparation: Take a little foecal material on a slide, Mix with normal saline (0.85%) to         make a thin emulsion. Cover it with a cover slip. The thickness should be such that one should be able to see print through it. (b). Iodine preparation: This is done as above using Gram’s iodine instead of saline. Iodine is used to examin the nuclear structure of cyst. It stain the chromatin                                                   granules of karysone of amoebic cyst brown. The glycogen vavoule also ...

Rericulocyte Staining process

  Rericulocyte Staining process A reticulocyte stain is a technique a day of Highlight RNA in reticulocytes, A type oc Immuture RBC. This stain commonly use in Hematology department in pathology lab. Edta sample mixed with Reticulocyte staining Solution(Methylene blue) ↓ After Mixed incubate at room temperature. ↓ Prepare   a blood smears ↓ Wait A slide Air-dried the smear ↓ Examined under microscope ↓ The number of reticulocyte count in the patient blood sample is countyed and expressed a percentage   The stain show the RNA in reticulocytes as a blue colour against the pink colour of the rest of the cell. The pattern of the blue colour indicatye the stage of the reticulocyte A hight reticulocyte count can indicate that immutur red blood cells are not surviving longenough, & that the bone marrow needs to increase production. The reticulocyte count is an important role of monitoring of red blood cellssurvival & formation activity o...

STUDY OF VAGINAL INFECTION , FNAC & FNAC TECHNIQUE

STUDY OF VAGINAL INFECTION , FNAC & FNAC TECHNIQUE  The Study of Vaginal infections involves a combination of physical Examination, Patient history, and cytological  Laboratory Twsting. The Specific nature of the discharge and associated symptoms help distinguish between different types of vaginal infections. Epithelium:- Infection by Trichomonas and candida Albicaus can be found out by this process. Trichomonas infections is characterized by vaginal cells with grey-blue cytoplasm and only visible nucleus. Epithelial cell showvariantion in size, shape and orientation.Nuclear cytoplasmic ratio is change. There is no hyper chromasia.                                                          ...

Spill Management

                                               Spill Management Types of Body Fluid under Spill Management. v   Blood v   Urine v   Pus v   Saliva v   Semen v   Csf   etc… Spill management is a process of cleaning of containing & controlling spill to minimize the effects on people, the environment & property. Purpous in a hospital hazardous substance such as body fluid, drugs, cleaning fluid & other chemicals are in very close proximity to hundreds of people each day. Trust in hospital spillage of blood body fluids & chemicals can occur at any time due to broken or faulty equipment & human errors. Any such spill poses risk to the staff, visitors & patients who are extremely susceptible to infecti...

IMPORTANT OF BONE

                                         IMPORTANT OF BONE First of all I would like to say that there are 206 bone’s in human body. As we all know that bone very important part of human body. Muscle in the help of bone to the different work. We can stand by the help of bone. There are 360 joint in human body. So we can understand that bone play a major role in human life. Bones are very important think of human body. Which give shape and size of human body. Without bone we can’t ague human shape of face and different part of the human body, as like face of different person have different by the help of bone. Bone is also provide strength in human body. For wall and do various work. Bones also provide protection of human body, some part as like brain another part of human body’s. Witho...

Classify dermatophytes

                                              Classify Dermatophytes It is a group of filament us fungi that infect superficially I,e skin , hair and Nail. The clinical condition known as dermatophytes popularly called Toenia and ring worm.                    It is classified in 3 genera:- 1. Trichophyton 2. Mycosporum 3. Epidermophyton based on Macroconidia. Ø   In lesion dermatophytes appear as Hyphae and Artherospore. In culture on SDA medium shows characteristic colonies consisting of septate hyphae and two types of asexual spare, Microconidia ansd Macroconidio. 1. Trichophyton:- Colonies may be powdery, velvety or waxy. Microconidia are ab undant and are arranged in cluster along the hyphae and macroconidia are relatively scanty. They are generally elongated with bl...

Name of different gram positive anaerobic bacteria

  Name of different gram positive anaerobic bacteria. Discribe lab diagnosis of C. tetani.   Ans :- Gram positive anaerobic bacteria are divided into two groups :-                   Group 1- Causing wound Infection ü   Clastridium perfringes ü   Clastridium oedematies ü   Clastridium bifermentation ü   Clastridium histolyticum ü   Clastridium tetani                    Group 2- Causing Intestinal lesions. ü   Perfringens type A2 ü   Enterotoxin ü   Neeroticans ü   Botulinum v   Lab diagnosis of Tetanus :- Laboratory test are not frequent to diagnosis of tetanus. It is detected by sign and symptom , muscles , spam , pain etc . Laboratory test only help in confirmation.           ...