Skip to main content

Different types of biological wast generated in hospitals

 


 Hospital waste include the following: -

1.  General Refuse like house hold garbage:

        Includes paper, glass, textiles and kitchen waste.

2. Waste from medical environment :-  Cluster , casts , disposiable clotting , banges , disposable syring , drip bags , residues from hospital Laboratory and research units.

          3. Infectious waste :-  Microbiological waste like culture , blood and blood products , body fluids ,

           human and animals tissue or organs removed at biopsy , surgeryor or autopsy , placenta and

            other products of conception , swabs and other soiled items .

      4.  Non – Infectious hazardous waste :- It Includes chemicals, Radioactive and Pharmacological .

Ø  The amount of waste generated in hospitals under Indian conditions has been estimaled as

1-2 kg per bed . on an average about 85% is harmless and only 15% is hazardous.

v  Method of disposal of waste :- Several Methods of waste treatments are available and the choice of method is based on the item of waste and facilities available. The place of final disposal may be in the premises or away from crowded areas if possible. Some of the methods are :

ü  Chemical Disinfections : - Useful method for many items , particularly in clinics .

Eg : - Sputum or pus are to be disinfected before being buried or autoclaved .

ü  Deep burial : - Materials after chemical disinfection are put in drop trenches covered with time and filled with soil .

ü  Incineration : - Incineration is a process by which waste material is burnt into less bulky osh like material with the help of very high temperature which would be only about a tenth of the origin[al volume . The heat produced by bunners is at a temperature of 2000˚c - 3000˚c. It is very effective and expensive and is generally used only by very establishments .

ü  Autoclaving : - widely used in laboratories and clinics for treating . infectious waste before disposal .

ü  Microwave : - used for sterilization of small volume waste . It cannot be used for animal and human body parts , metals item or toxic or radioactive material .

ü  Liquid Waste : - Pathological , chemical or toxic liquid waste should be properly treated with disinfectant or reagents and heurilization before flushing into the sewer.

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

BIO MEDICAL WAST MANAGEMENT (BMW),

                                 BIO MEDICAL WAST MANAGEMENT (BMW) INTRODUCTION Biomedical or hospital waste refers to any waste generated while providing healthcare, performing research & undertaking investigations or related procedures on human beings or animals in hospitals, clinics, laboratories or similar establishments. Potential hazards : Biomedical waste is far more dangerous & offensive than domestic waste because. ·          It contains infectious or other hazardous materials that may injure, infect or otherwise harm patients, their   visitors, hospital personnel & the public at large in several ways. ·          It may contain sharps such as needle or broken glass, that can cause injury & infection, or harmful chemicals & radioactive materials. ·      ...
Post a Comment
Read more

HEMOGLOBIN

  HEMOGLOBIN ( Hb ) Hemoglobin is the most important component of red blood cells. It is composed of a protein called haem, which binds for carbon dioxide . Abnormilities of an individual’s hemoglobin value can indicate defects in the normal balance between red blood cell production and destruction. Both low and high values can indicate disease states. Hemoglobin is a protein in red lood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the human body’s   tissues   & organs,it also carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs. Hemoglobin is a most important   component of RBC(red blood cells) and gives them their colour. How is hemoglobin measured ·          A hemoglobin test   measures the amount of hemoglobin in your blood. ·          This test is usully part of a complet blood count(CBC) ·          The amount of hemoglobin in whole b...
Post a Comment
Read more

Short name to Full name of Antibiotic name

  Short name to Full name of  Antibiotic name DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) cDNA (complementary DNA) RNA (ribonucleic acid) cRNA (complementary RNA) RNase (ribonuclease) DNase (deoxyribonuclease) rRNA (ribosomal RNA) mRNA (messenger RNA) tRNA (transfer RNA) AMP, ADP, ATP, dAMP, ddATP, and GTP, etc. (for the respective 5′ phosphates of adenosine and other nucleosides) (add 2′-, 3′-, or 5′- when needed for contrast) ATPase and dGTPase, etc. (adenosine triphosphatase and deoxyguanosine triphosphatase, etc.) NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, oxidized) NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced) NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced) NADP+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, oxidized) poly(A) and poly(dT), etc. (polyadenylic acid and polydeoxythymidylic acid, etc.) oligo(dT), etc. (oligodeoxythymidylic acid, etc.) ...
Post a Comment
Read more