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Study of mycobacteria

 Mycobacterium

Classification of bacteria :-   it is classified in to six groups:-

A.      Tubercle Bacilli  

Sn.

Bacilli

eg

1

HUMAN TYPE

Mycobacvterium tuberculosis.

2

Bovin type

Mycobacterium bovin

3

Myrin type

Mycobacterium mycrotti

4

Avian type

Mycobacterrium Avian

5

Cold Blooded type

Mycobacterium mariumun

 

B.     Lepra Bacillus

Sn.

Bacillus

eg

1

Human type

Mycobacterium Leprae

2

Rat type

Mycrobacterium Lapraemurium

 

C.      Jobenas Bacillus

1.       Mycobacterium paratuberculosis also known as mycobacterium johner.

D.      Atypical Mycobacteria

1.       Photochromogens

2.       Scotochromogens

3.       Non photochromogens

4.       Rapids grower

E.       Mycobacterium causing skin ulcer.

1.       Mycobacterium ulcerans

2.       Mycobacterium balnnei

F.       Saprophytic mycobacterium (Non-Pathogenic)

1.       Mycobacterium smegmatis (sigma bacillus)

2.        Mycobacterium butrycum (Butteer)

3.       Mycobacterium phlei (Grass)

4.       Mycobacterium stercorsis (Stool & drug beap)

Lab diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis:

1.       Direct smear examination of sputum / urinary deposite / or any exudate – ZN Staining or Auramin stain for AFB.

2.       Culture from Laryngeal swab / Gastric lavage/Uri nary deposite/Endomaterial Tissue/Sputum on LJ  medium for 6 mon ths – Look for AFB

3.       Gun ia Pigh inoculation from specimen of renal tuberculosis endomaterium tuberculosis – Anim al killed after 6 weeks and examine for  TB.

4.       Allergic skin test (montoux test)MT.

5.       Histopathological examination  of biopsy from gland or endomaterium.

6.       Examination of CSF in case of meningitis (proten raised, sugar diminished, chloride normal >100 lymphocytes/cemm).

Serological test :- ELISA
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