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characteristics of virus

 

Virus is obligate intracellular, non- filterable, ultra-microscopic parasite. Which require living animal, plant or bacterial cell for their reproduction. It has both characters, non- living ( outside the body / cell ) Living ( in the body )

           It has some unique features such as:-

       It has only one nucleic acid either DNA or RNA.

       It does'nt contain energy generating enzyme ATP.

       Like inorganic matters, it can be cry stallised.

       It passes through eclipse phase during invasion into host cell.

       It is capable of bringing change in metabolic behavior of infected cell.

       Some virus produce inclusion bodies ( group of viruses in cytoplasm ) in infected cell help in their diagnosis.

       Infected cell produce interferon ( A type of chemical which protect from infection to another cell ) which protects non- infected cell from viral invasion.

       For culture of virus living cell are necessary.

       They produce cytopathic affect in the cell culture tissue.

      Some virus may produce tumour are known as oncogenic viruses.

      They don't multiply by binary fission.

      They are small infecting agent (> soonm in diameter. )

      They are antigenic and evoke production of antibody.

      Immunity produced after infection is usually for the short time but some produce life long immunity such as small pox.

    There are no staining materials used to visualise viruses.

    Viruses don’t infect Fungi but infect bacteria.

    Viruses are not sensitive to antibiotic.

    Some viruses shows envelope which is ether sensitive.

    Individual virus particle was previously known as elementary body.

    Lipid of viral antigen is host antigen but protein of the envelope is viral antigen.

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