RDK PARAMEDICAL STUDENT STUDY

 E. coli (Escherichia coli) is a type of Bacteria that normally lives in your intestines. It’s also found in the gut of some animals. Most types of E. coli are harmless and even help keep your digestive tract healthy. But some strains can cause diarrhea if you eat contaminated food or drink fouled water. While many of us associate E. coli with food poisoning, you can also get pneumonia and urinary tract infections from different types of the bacteria. In fact, 75 to 95% of urinary tract infections are caused by E. coli. Some versions of E. coli make you sick by making a toxin called Shiga. This toxin damages the lining of your intestine. The strains of E. coli that make the toxin are sometimes called STEC, which is short for “Shiga toxin-producing E. coli ” One especially bad strain,  can make you very sick. It causes abdominal cramps, vomiting, and bloody diarrhea. It is the leading cause of acute kidney failure in children. It can also cause life-threatening symptoms such as...

 CULTURE MEDIAS: INTRODUCTION: - Culture media or growth media is a liquid or gel support media provided with essential nutrients and growth parameters required for the growth of microorganisms. EXPLANATION: - Culture media are of different types depending on the nutrients they have and the type of microorganisms that grow on them. - Growth media are primarily of two types; one for cell culture where specific cell types are grown of specific plants and animals, and another for microbiological culture to support the growth of microorganisms on artificial surfaces. - For microbial culture, the most common culture media are agar plates or broth medium. Agar plates are made up of a growth medium containing agar that results in the formation of a gel-like support medium for growth. - The broth medium, in turn, is made without any agar, which gives it the consistency of a liquid support medium. Both the agar plates and broth media can be either general media or selective media. - General...

                                                       COOMB’S TEST INTRODUCTION Coombs test is the also known as antiglobulin test. The coombs test tests for antibodies that may stick to the red blood cells and cause red blood cells to die too early. It was discovered by coombs, Mourant and race in 1945. Coombs reagent is antihuman globulin. It is made by injecting human globulin into antibodies, which produce polyclonal antibodies specific for human immunoglobulins and human complement system factors. PRINCIPLE: Red cells coated with complement or lgG antibodies do not agglutinate directly when centrifuged. These cells are said to be sensitized with lgG or complement. In order for agglutination to occur an additional antibody, which reacts with the Fc portion of the lgG antibody, or with the C3b or C3d component of complement, must be added to the...